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New microbiome study could enable new treatments for middle ear infections. Newsletters you may be interested in. Metabolomics Subscribe or Preview. Similar comments are appropriate for PARACEST agents, which are quite widely used for functional imaging in animals but have not yet achieved the safety levels required for human use. Author Information. Andrew Webb - C. Ardenkjaer-Larsen, Jan H. National Academy of Sciences. A method for obtaining strongly polarized nuclear spins in soln.
The method uses low temp. The solid sample is subsequently dissolved rapidly in a suitable solvent to create a soln. The polarization is performed in a DNP polarizer, consisting of a superconducting magnet 3.
Subsequent to polarization, the sample is dissolved by an injection system inside the DNP magnet. The dissoln. The resulting hyperpolarized liq. NMR spectrometer, where an enhanced NMR signal can be acquired, or it may be used as an agent for in vivo imaging or spectroscopy.
In this article we describe the use of the method on aq. These polarizations correspond to an enhancement of 44, for 13C and 23, for 15N, resp. The method can be used generally for signal enhancement and redn. Merritt, Matthew E. Mark; Sherry, A. Dean; Malloy, Craig R. The recent availability of automated dynamic nuclear polarization equipment for hyperpolarizing 13C nuclei now offers the potential to measure metabolic fluxes through select enzyme-catalyzed steps with substantially improved sensitivity.
Here, we investigated the metab. Dissolved 13CO2, the immediate product of the first step of the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase PDH , was obsd. In hearts presented with the medium-chain fatty acid octanoate in addn.
In sep. Cancer Res. Barnes, A. Springer Wien. A review. Dynamic nuclear polarization DNP results in a substantial nuclear polarization enhancement through a transfer of the magnetization from electrons to nuclei. Recent years have seen considerable progress in the development of DNP expts.
This review covers the applications, hardware, polarizing agents, and theor. In frozen dielecs. This strategy has been proven effective in polarizing biol. Other hardware has also been developed allowing in situ microwave irradn. Advances in the quantum mech. Finally, pulsed methods and soln. A method of obtaining very large nuclear-spin polarizations is proposed and illustrated by d.
A means of extending the resultant sensitivity enhancement to other spins is proposed in which the transfer of orders occurs through population differences not assocd. NMR Biomed. Google Scholar There is no corresponding record for this reference. AJNR, Am. J Neuroradiol. American journal of neuroradiology , 31 1 , ISSN:. Hyperpolarization is the general term for a method of enhancing the spin-polarization difference of populations of nuclei in a magnetic field.
The most successful to date has been DNP, in which carbon 13 C pyruvic acid has shown many. Recent developments in clinical 13 C neurospectroscopy encourage us to overcome the remaining barriers to clinical HD-MR imaging.
Adams, Ralph W. American Association for the Advancement of Science. The sensitivity of both NMR spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging is very low because the detected signal strength depends on the small population difference between spin states even in high magnetic fields.
Hyperpolarization methods can be used to increase this difference and thereby enhance signal strength. This has been achieved previously by incorporating the mol.
We show here that a metal complex can facilitate the reversible interaction of para-hydrogen with a suitable org. These polarized signals can be selectively detected when combined with methods that suppress background signals.
Albert, M. As currently implemented, magnetic resonance imaging MRI relies on the protons of water mols. Protons are, however, notoriously difficult to image in some biol. Here the authors show that Xe gas can be used for high-resoln. MRI when the nuclear-spin polarization of the atoms is increased by laser optical pumping and spin exchange. This process produces hyperpolarized Xe, in which the magnetization is enhanced by a factor of about By introducing hyperpolarized Xe into mouse lungs the authors have obtained images of the lung gas space with a speed and a resoln.
As xenon a safe general anesthetic is rapidly and safely transferred from the lungs to blood and thence to other tissues, were it is concd. Because the magnetic behavior of Xe is very sensitive to its environment, and is different from that of 1H2O, MRI using hyperpolarized X should involve distinct and sensitive mechanisms for tissue contrast.
Metastasis the spread of cancer from a primary tumor to secondary organs is responsible for most cancer deaths. The ability to follow the fate of a population of tumor cells over time in an experimental animal would provide a powerful new way to monitor the metastatic process.
Here we describe a magnetic resonance imaging MRI technique that permits the tracking of breast cancer cells in a mouse model of brain metastasis at the single-cell level.
Cancer cells that were injected into the left ventricle of the mouse heart and then delivered to the brain were detectable on MR images. This allowed the visualization of the initial delivery and distribution of cells, as well as the growth of tumors from a subset of these cells within the whole intact brain volume.
The ability to follow the metastatic process from the single-cell stage through metastatic growth, and to quantify and monitor the presence of solitary undivided cells will facilitate progress in understanding the mechanisms of brain metastasis and tumor dormancy, and the development of therapeutics to treat this disease. The signal-to-noise ratio achieved in a nuclear magnetic-resonance microscopy expt.
An accurate determinationof coil performance requires that the resistance of the coil be well characterized. Traditional high-frequency elec. This model complements other existing circuit models that represent sample losses, ground-loop and parasitic losses, and the signal induced in the RF coil. Elsevier B. In comparison with most anal. In recent years, there has been a trend, both com. These small coils have also proved very useful in coupling NMR detection with commonly used microsepn.
A further development enabled by small detectors is parallel data acquisition from many samples simultaneously, made possible by incorporating multiple receiver coils into a single NMR probehead. This review article summarizes recent developments and applications of "microcoil" NMR spectroscopy. Grant, Samuel C. Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The first spatially localized NMR spectra of osmolytes and metabolites from single isolated neurons have been obtained using a combination of high magnetic field strengths and NMR radio frequency RF microcoils. The proton spectra display peaks at high concns. The vols. In these initial expts. This work demonstrates the tech.
Science , — Google Scholar There is no corresponding record for this reference. Nature Publishing Group. A major challenge in biomedicine is the rapid and accurate measurement of biomarkers in biol. Rapid and accurate measurement of biomarkers in tissue and fluid samples is a major challenge in medicine.
Here the authors report the development of a new, miniaturized diagnostic magnetic resonance DMR system for multiplexed, quant. By using magnetic particles as a proximity sensor to amplify mol. The authors show the capability of the DMR system by using it to detect bacteria with high sensitivity, identify small nos. The DMR technol. Nature , Google Scholar There is no corresponding record for this reference. NMR Spectrosc. J Biomol. A review discusses the developments in single-scan multidimensional magnetic resonance and new approached to monitor NMR spectra and MRI images.
It also discusses, how, in a spectroscopic setting, the idea of spatial encoding can be to compress an nD spectroscopic NMR expt. The filter diagonalization method for data processing in NMR experiments. Elsevier Science B. A review with 52 refs. Conceptual and computation challenges assocd. Magnetic resonance imaging MRI is well known as a powerful technique for visualizing subsurface structures with three-dimensional spatial resoln.
Pushing the resoln.
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