He was able to see the promising beginnings of the colony he had planned. He was paralyzed in the fall of due to a stroke. He died on Christmas Day that year. Champlain developed a vast trade network by forming and consolidating alliances with the Montagnais of the St. These alliances obliged Champlain to support his allies in their wars against the Iroquois , whose territory was to the south of Lake Ontario and into present-day New York. He participated in military campaigns in on Lake Champlain , in near Sorel and in in Iroquois territory.
Injured in the third expedition, he was forced to spend the winter of —16 in Huronia. He took advantage of this time to explore the Lake Huron region. He also developed cordial relations with other nations, notably the Odawa and the Nipissing.
See also Indigenous-French Relations. Champlain left behind a considerable body of writing, largely relating to his voyages. The most important editions of his work are the ones prepared by C.
Biggar — It includes a list of place names not found on the map as well as unpublished explanations. It presents everything known about North America at that time. Exploring the Explorers: Samuel de Champlain Teacher guide for multidisciplinary student investigations into the life of explorer Samuel de Champlain and his role in Canadian history.
From the Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Search The Canadian Encyclopedia. Remember me. I forgot my password. Why sign up? Create Account. Suggest an Edit.
Enter your suggested edit s to this article in the form field below. Accessed 11 November In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. Article published August 29, ; Last Edited June 11, The Canadian Encyclopedia , s. They landed in May on the southeast coast of what is now Nova Scotia and Champlain was asked to choose a location for a temporary settlement. He explored the Bay of Fundy and St. John River area before selecting a small island in the St.
Croix River. The team built a fort and spent the winter there. In the summer of , the team sailed down the coast of New England as far south as Cape Cod.
Although a few British explorers had navigated the terrain before, Champlain was the first to give a precise and detailed accounting of the region that would one day become Plymouth Rock. In , Champlain was named lieutenant to de Monts, and they set off on another expedition up the St. When they arrived in June , they constructed a fort in what is now Quebec City. Quebec would soon become the hub for French fur trading. The following summer, Champlain fought the first major battle against the Iroquois, cementing a hostile relationship that would last for more than a century.
In , Champlain made a brave voyage into the interior of Canada accompanied by a tribe of Native Americans with whom he had good relations, the Hurons. Champlain and the French aided the Hurons in an attack on the Iroquois, but they lost the battle and Champlain was hit in the knee with an arrow and unable to walk. During his stay, he composed one of the earliest and most detailed accounts of Native American life.
When Champlain returned to France, he found himself embroiled in lawsuits and was unable to return to Quebec. He spent this time writing the stories of his voyages, complete with maps and illustrations. In , Champlain proposed a return to the valley of the St. Lawrence, specifically to Stadacona, which he called Quebec.
In his opinion, nowhere else was so suitable for the fur trade and as a starting point from which to search for the elusive route to China. John , and on the third of July, , he founded what was to become Quebec City.
He immediately set about building his Habitation residence there. Champlain also explored the Iroquois River now called the Richelieu , which led him on the fourteenth of July, , to the lake which would later bear his name. Like the traders who had preceded him, he sided with the Hurons, Algonquins and Montaignais against the Iroquois.
This intervention in local politics was ultimately responsible for the warlike relations that were to pit the Iroquois against the French for generations. In , Champlain returned to the area of the Hochelaga islands.
He found an ideal harbour, and facing it he built the Place Royale royal square , around which the town would later develop from onwards. Lawrence and its tributaries as a route towards the interior of the continent.
The following year Champlain was induced to make a voyage up the Ottawa River in the course of which he reached Allumette Island. It was his initial foray along the route that was to lead him to the heartland of present-day Ontario and eventually to reach Lake Huron on the first of August, In the years that followed, he devoted all his efforts to founding a French colony in the St. Lawrence valley. The keystone of his project was the settlement at Quebec. When it capitulated to the English Kirke brothers in , Champlain returned to France, where he lobbied incessantly for the cause of New France.
He finally returned to Canada on the twenty-second of May,
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