He was captured by the Spanish royalist military. He was tried and sentenced to death for treason. He was later judged to be reconciled to the church, lifting his excommunication, as he was seen praying on his way to his execution.
After his death, his lieutenant, Vicente Guerrero , continued the war for independence. Morelos is a national hero in Mexico and is considered a very successful military leader despite the fact that he never took a military career and was instead a priest.
While Morelos was engaged in the conquest of southern Mexico, he was also formulating a revolutionary political and social program and laying plans for the establishment of an insurgent government. In September Morelos—the "Servant of the Nation," as he liked to style himself—called the Congress of Chilpancingo, composed of representatives of the provinces under his control, to consider a program which he outlined in a document entitled "Sentiments of the Nation.
In it, Morelos called for the independence of Mexico and for the abolition of all class distinctions, such as Indian, mulatto, and mestizo, in favor of the designation "American" for all native-born persons.
Sovereignty, he declared, was vested in the people and should be exercised by a representative congress. He also recommended republican institutions, a strong executive authority, respect for property, voluntary Church contributions, and the abolition of slavery, torture, and the tribute. The cornerstone of a Mexican nation had been laid at Chilpancingo, but the completion of the structure would require military victories during Such, however, was not to be; Morelos's congress, other than declaring independence and naming him generalissimo, did little.
A succession of military disasters beginning at Valladolid late in brought a decline in Morelos's prestige and power, and the congress became an itinerant body relentlessly pursued by the viceroy's forces.
In sculptor Julian Martinez created a bronze statue of Morelos. He is shown astride his mount and dressed for battle. Meyer, William L. Sherman, Susan M. Do you find this information helpful? Close Privacy Overview This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website.
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